Position of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO): The Role of Nutritional Therapy in the Treatment of Overweight, Obesity, and Cancer

The latest research published by the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) sheds new light on the role of nutritional therapy in treating individuals with overweight, obesity, and cancer. In its statement published in Obesity Facts, EASO presents scientific evidence supporting the benefits of tailored dietary strategies for these groups of patients.

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Why is the topic of overweight and obesity crucial in cancer treatment?

EASO emphasizes that obesity is one of the most significant risk factors for developing cancer. Excess fat tissue is associated with a higher risk of developing:

• Breast cancer,
• Colorectal cancer,
• Esophageal cancer,
• Pancreatic cancer,
• Liver cancer, among others.

According to studies, excess fat tissue contributes to approximately a 17% increase in cancer-specific mortality. Moreover, obesity can affect the effectiveness of cancer therapies, hindering their proper execution and increasing the risk of side effects.

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Nutritional therapy as support in the treatment of cancer and obesity

EASO’s position highlights that nutritional therapy (Medical Nutrition Therapy, MNT) plays a key role in improving the health of patients with overweight and obesity suffering from cancer. Properly tailored diets can:

1. Help reduce body weight, which, in turn, improves cancer treatment outcomes.
2. Correct micronutrient deficiencies, supporting the overall health of the body.
3. Reduce inflammation, which is a key mechanism in cancer development.

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Which diets does EASO recommend?

In its position statement, EASO points to three main dietary approaches that can be effective for these groups of patients:

1. Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet):
   • Rich in vegetables, olive oil, fish, and nuts.
   • Supports heart health and reduces inflammation.
2. Ketogenic Diet (KD):
   • Characterized by high fat content and low carbohydrate intake.
   • May support glycemic control and limit energy availability for cancer cells.
3. Intermittent Fasting (IF):
   • Involves periodic calorie restriction, e.g., in a 16:8 pattern.
   • Can improve insulin sensitivity and aid in weight reduction.

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What are the key findings of the research?

• Nutritional therapy should be personalized and adapted to each patient’s needs.
• Weight reduction and nutritional status control are key to improving the effectiveness of cancer therapies.
• The diet should be coordinated with the medical team to ensure the best treatment outcomes.

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Summary

The position of the European Association for the Study of Obesity clearly indicates that diet is not only a support but also a crucial element in treating individuals with overweight, obesity, and cancer. Nutritional therapy, based on scientific evidence such as the Mediterranean diet, ketogenic diet, or intermittent fasting, can improve treatment outcomes, reduce inflammation, and support the overall health of patients.

For more information, you can find the full EASO statement at: karger.com.

Let’s take care of our health by incorporating scientifically proven dietary strategies into our daily lives.